تسجيل لفطر Sordaria fimicola مسبب الموت الرجعي لأشجار العرعر الفينيقي Juniperus phoenicea، الجبل الأخضر – ليبيا

Ayhaab A. Zatout; Nwara A. Mohamed; Mohamed A. Saeed

doi:10.54172/mjsc.v38i2.644

Authors

Ayhaab A. Zatout Department of Forestry and Rangeland, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Derna, Libya
Nwara A. Mohamed Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Libya.
Mohamed A. Saeed Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Libya.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v38i2.644

Keywords:

Sordaria fimicola, Dieback, Juniperus phoenicea, Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya

Abstract

This study is the first record of the fungus Sordaria fimicola as one of the causes of death for the Juniperus phoenicea L trees in the Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar region, Libya, where severe deterioration occurred as a result of partial or complete death, and the symptoms of the disease were characterized by the gradual death of the branches from the limbs towards the trunk (Dieback), accompanied by yellowing of the leaves, turning brown, and ends with their falling off and leaving branches without leaves. Isolation was carried out on leaves and branches that show symptoms of tree mortality to obtain the primary cause of the disease and to verify its pathogenicity by infection of seedlings of Juniperus phoenicea or infection of recent branches. The fungus was identified depending on the morphological characteristics of the colony growing on the nutrient medium potato dextrose agar, in addition to measuring the vegetative and reproductive structures taken by a light microscope. The results showed that the fungus Sordaria fimicola is one of the causes of juniper mortality, as it was distinguished by a dark, pear-shaped fruiting body with an average length of 9.77 ± 480.93 μm and an average width of 66.06 ± 441.285 μm, inside which are asci containing chains of ascospores, its average length was 1.98 ± 20,268 μm, and the average width was 1.00 ± 11.454 μm.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

شعيب، يونس حمد. (2009). تحسين جودة أحد مواقع غابات العرعر الفينيقي المتدهورة بالجبل الأخضر وطريقة لتحوير الغطاء الغابي، دراسة مقدمة لاستكمال متطلبات الإجازة العالية (الماجستير)، جامعة عمر المختار، البيضاء، ليبيا.

‌عارف، إبراهيم محمد، والجهني، لطفي إبراهيم. (2000). ماضي وحاضر الغابات الطبيعية الاصطناعية في المملكة العربية السعودية. مجلة الخليج العربي للبحوث العلمية 18(1): 64-72.

لجنة دراسة و تقييم الغطاء النباتي الطبيعي بمنطقة الجبل الأخضر(2005). جامعة عمر المختار, مشروع الجبل الأخضر . التقرير النهائي.

Adams, R. P., & Demeke, T. (1993). Systematic relationships in Juniperus based on random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). Taxon, 42(3), 553-571. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1222534

Ahmed, M., Shaukat, S. S., & Buzdar, A. H. (1990). Population structure and dynamics oi Juniperus excelsa in Balouchistan, Pakistan. Journal of vegetation science, 1(2), 271-276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3235664

Andrews, G. (1998). The use of trees and shrubs for livestock production. Australian Biologist, 11(2), 4.

Belomesyatseva, D. (2002). The fungi in the consortium of common juniper in Belarus. Mycena, 2(1), 4-16.

Broome, A. (2003). Growing juniper: propagation and establishment practices. Forestry Commission.

Cain, R., & Groves, J. (1948). Notes on seed-borne fungi: VI. Sordaria. Canadian Journal of Research, 26(5), 486-495. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjr48c-032

Cain, R. F. (1957). Studies of coprophilous Ascomycetes: VI. Species from the Hudson Bay area. Canadian Journal of Botany, 35(3), 255-268. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b57-022

Carroll, G. (1988). Fungal endophytes in stems and leaves: from latent pathogen to mutualistic symbiont. Ecology, 69(1), 2-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1943154

Clifton, S. J., Ward, L. K., & Ranner, D. S. (1997). The status of juniper Juniperus communis L. in northeast England. Biological conservation, 79(1), 67-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(96)00101-2

Darbyshire, I., Lamb, H., & Umer, M. (2003). Forest clearance and regrowth in northern Ethiopia during the last 3000 years. The Holocene, 13(4), 537-546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl644rp

Diamond, D. D., Rowell, G. A., & Keddy-Hector, D. P. (1995). Conservation of Ashe juniper(Juniperus ashei Buchholz) woodlands of the Central Texas Hill Country. Natural Areas Journal, 15(2), 189-202.

Esper, J., Bosshard, A., Schweingruber, F. H., & Winiger, M. (1995). Tree-rings from the upper timberline in the Karakorum as climatic indicators for the last 1000 years. Dendrochronologia, 13, 79-88.

Fields, W. (1969). An introduction to the genus Sordaria. Fungal Genetics Reports, 16(1), 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4148/1941-4765.1903

Fisher, M. (1997). Decline in the juniper woodlands of Raydah Reserve in southwestern Saudi Arabia: a response to climate changes? Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, 379-386. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2997338

Fisher, M., & Gardner, A. S. (1995). The status and ecology of a Juniperus excelsa subsp. polycarpos woodland in the northern mountains of Oman. Vegetatio, 119, 33-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00047369

Griffith, G., & Boddy, L. (1988). Fungal communities in attached ash (Fraxinus excelsior) twigs. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 91(4), 599-606. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80033-0

Ivanová, H. (2015). Sordaria fimicola (Ascomycota, sordariales) on acer palmatum. Folia Oecologica, 42(1), 67.

IUCN, (2006).Red List of Threatened Species. . [Online] Available from: http:www .in ucnredlist . org Accessed 17 th August.

Miskell, J. (2000). An Ecological and Resource Utilisation Assessment of Gacaan Libaax, Somaliland. IUCN Eastern Africa Regional Office.

Weber, D., Bunderson, E., Davis, J., Nelson, D., & Hreha, A. (1999). Diseases and Environmental factors of the pinyon-juniper communities. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West,

Wilkins, T., & Duckworth, J. C. (2011). Breaking new ground for juniper: a management handbook for lowland England. Plantlife.