Effect of Probiotic, Prebiotic, Synbiotic and Medicinal Plants on Productive Performance of Broilers Fed on Different Levels of Protein
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v33i4.298Keywords:
probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, medicinal plants, Performance, Broilers, ProteinAbstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the response of broilers fed on test diets containing non-antibiotic growth promoters; Probiotic (BioPlus 2B), Prebiotic (TechnoMos), Synbiotic, and medicinal herbs (Mixture of Origanum majorana, Foeniculum vulgare, and Carum carvi in ratio 1:1:1), each within two dietary protein levels (normal and low), on these broiler performance. The study was carried out at the Poultry Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture; Alexandria University, Egypt. The experimental period lasted for 42 days. A total number of 500 days from Cobb broiler chicks, with similar average live body weight, were randomly distributed into 10 treatments. Each treatment comprised of 5 replicates of 10 chicks each. Ten experimental diets were formulated to be approximately isocaloric and cover all nutrients required for broiler throughout two stages of growth periods, starter diets (1 - 21) and finisher diets (22 - 42) days of age. Ten experimental diets were consisting of two levels of crude protein (recommended or low (85% of recommended)) and five feed-additive programmes (control, probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic and medicinal plants). In general, feeding broiler lower crude protein levels (-10% of NRC) resulted in poorer growth performance, which was partially compensated with the non-antibiotic additives. Among the additives, synbiotic had positively significant effects on FCR, BW.
Downloads
References
Aksu, M., Esenbuga, N., & Macit, M. (2006). pH and colour characteristics of carcasses of broilers fed with dietary probiotics and slaughtered at different ages. Asian-australasian journal of animal sciences, 19(4), 605-610.
Angel, R., Dalloul, R., & Doerr, J. (2005). Performance of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with a direct-fed microbial. Poultry science, 84(8), 1222-1231.
Apata, D. (2008). Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and immune response of broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with a culture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88(7), 1253-1258.
Awad, W., Ghareeb, K., Abdel-Raheem, S., & Böhm, J. (2009). Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic and synbiotic on growth performance, organ weights, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. Poultry science, 88(1), 49-56.
Awad, W., Ghareeb, K., & Böhm, J. (2010). Effect of addition of a probiotic micro‐organism to broiler diet on intestinal mucosal architecture and electrophysiological parameters. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition, 94(4), 486-494.
Barton, M. D. (2000). Antibiotic use in animal feed and its impact on human healt. Nutrition research reviews, 13(2), 279-299.
Council, N. R. (1994). Nutritional requirements of poultry: National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
Dierick, N. (1989). Biotechnology aids to improve feed and feed digestion: enzymes and fermentation. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 39(3), 241-261.
Dizaji, B. R., Hejazi, S., & Zakeri, A. (2012). Effects of dietary supplementations of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and acidifiers on growth performance and organs weights of broiler chicken. Eur. J. Exp. Biol, 2(6), 2125-2129.
Duncan, D. (1955). Multiple Ranges and Multiple F. test Biometrics. Statistical Methods.
Fuller, R. (1989). Probiotic in man and animals. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 66, 131-139.
Goodarzi, M., Landy, N., & Nanekarani, S. (2013). Effect of onion (Allium cepa L.) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, immune responses and serum biochemical parameters in broiler chicks. Health, 5(08), 1210.
Hinton, M., Kaukas, A., & Linton, A. (1986). The ecology of drug resistance in enteric bacteria. Paper presented at the Society for Applied Bacteriology symposium series.
Huang, R. L., Deng, Z. Y., Yang, C. b., Yin, Y. L., Xie, M. Y., Wu, G. Y., . . . Kang, P. (2007). Dietary oligochitosan supplementation enhances immune status of broilers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87(1), 153-159.
Jin, L., Ho, Y., Abdullah, N., & Jalaludin, S. (1998). Growth performance, intestinal microbial populations, and serum cholesterol of broilers fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures. Poultry science, 77(9), 1259-1265.
Jin, L., Ho, Y., Abdullah, N., & Jalaludin, S. (2000). Digestive and bacterial enzyme activities in broilers fed diets supplemented with Lactobacillus cultures. Poultry science, 79(6), 886-891.
Kabir, S. (2009). The role of probiotics in the poultry industry. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 10(8), 3531-3546.
Kabir, S., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M., Rahman, M., & Ahmed, S. (2004). The dynamics of probiotics on growth performance and immune response in broilers. Int. J. Poult. Sci, 3(5), 361-364.
Khaksefidi, A., & Ghoorchi, T. (2006). Effect of probiotic on performance and immunocompetence in broiler chicks. The Journal of Poultry Science, 43(3), 296-300.
Kralik, G., Milaković, Z., & Ivanković, S. (2004). Effect of probiotic supplementation on the performance and the composition of the intestinal microflora in broilers. Acta Agraria Kaposvariensis, 8(2), 23-31.
Kumprecht, I., & Zobac, P. (1998). The effect of probiotic preparations containing Saccharomyces cerevisae and Enterococcus faecium in diets with different levels of beta-vitamins on chicken broiler performance. Czech Journal of Animal Science-UZPI (Czech Republic).
Midilli, M., Alp, M., Kocabach, N., Muglah, O., Turan, N., Yilmaz, H., & Cakir, S. (2008). Effects of dietary probiotic and prebiotic supplementation on growth performance and serum IgG concentration of broilers. South African journal of animal science, 38(1), 21-27.
Mountzouris, K., Tsirtsikos, P., Kalamara, E., Nitsch, S., Schatzmayr, G., & Fegeros, K. (2007). Evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus strains in promoting broiler performance and modulating cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities. Poultry science, 86(2), 309-317.
Patterson, J., & Burkholder, K. (2003). Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production. Poultry science, 82(4), 627-631.
Pirgozliev, V., Murphy, T., Owens, B., George, J., & McCann, M. (2008). Fumaric and sorbic acid as additives in broiler feed. Research in veterinary science, 84(3), 387-394.
Rowghani, E., Arab, M., & Akbarian, A. (2007). Effects of a probiotic and other feed additives on performance and immune response of broiler chicks. International journal of poultry science, 6(4), 261-265.
SA, A.-F., El-Sanhoury, M., El-Mednay, N., & Abdel-Azeem, F. (2008). Thyroid activity, some blood constituents, organs morphology and performance of broiler chicks fed supplemental organic acids. International journal of poultry science, 7(3), 215-222.
Salim, H., Kang, H., Akter, N., Kim, D., Kim, J., Kim, M., . . . Suh, O. (2013). Supplementation of direct-fed microbials as an alternative to antibiotic on growth performance, immune response, cecal microbial population, and ileal morphology of broiler chickens. Poultry science, 92(8), 2084-2090.
Samarasinghe, K., Wenk, C., Silva, K., & Gunasekera, J. (2003). Turmeric (Curcuma longa) root powder and mannanoligosaccharides as alternatives to antibiotics in broiler chicken diets. ASIAN AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES, 16(10), 1495-1500.
SAS. (2008). (Statistical Analysis System, 2008) program version 9.2.
Sen, S., Ingale, S., Kim, Y., Kim, J., Kim, K., Lohakare, J., . . . Kwon, I. (2012). Effect of supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 to broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microbiology and small intestinal morphology. Research in veterinary science, 93(1), 264-268.
Shim, Y., Shinde, P., Choi, J., Kim, J., Seo, D., Pak, J., . . . Kwon, I. (2010). 70 Evaluation of Multi-microbial Probiotics Produced by Submerged Liquid and Solid Substrate Fermentation Methods in Broilers. Asian-australasian journal of animal sciences, 23(4), 521.
Stavric, S. and E.T. Kornegay., (1995). Microbial probiotic for pigs and poultry biotechnology in animal feeds and animals feeding. R.J. Wallace and A. Cheesen, Eds. V.C.H., Weinheim, Germany, pp: 205-231
Solis de los Santos, F., Farnell, M., Tellez, G., Balog, J., Anthony, N., Torres-Rodriguez, A., . . . Donoghue, A. (2005). Effect of prebiotic on gut development and ascites incidence of broilers reared in a hypoxic environment. Poultry science, 84(7), 1092-1100.
Torres-Rodriguez, A., Donoghue, A., Donoghue, D., Barton, J., Tellez, G., & Hargis, B. (2007). Performance and condemnation rate analysis of commercial turkey flocks treated with a Lactobacillus spp.-based probiotic. Poultry science, 86(3), 444-446.
Torres-Rodriguez, A., Sartor, C., Higgins, S., Wolfenden, A., Bielke, L., Pixley, C., . . . Hargis, B. (2005). Effect of Aspergillus meal prebiotic (fermacto) on performance of broiler chickens in the starter phase and fed low protein diets. Journal of applied poultry research, 14(4), 665-669.
Tortuero, F., & Fernandez, E. (1995). Effects of inclusion of microbial cultures in barley-based diets fed to laying hens. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 53(3-4), 255-265.
Wang, Y., & Gu, Q. (2010). Effect of probiotic on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of Arbor Acres broilers. Research in veterinary science, 89(2), 163-167.
Yang, Y., Iji, P., Kocher, A., Thomson, E., Mikkelsen, L., & Choct, M. (2008). Effects of mannanoligosaccharide in broiler chicken diets on growth performance, energy utilisation, nutrient digestibility and intestinal microflora. British poultry science, 49(2), 186-194.
Ziggers, D. (2011). Animal Feed News. EU 12-point antibiotic action plan released, 18 November, 2011.
Zulkifli, I., Abdullah, N., Azrin, N. M., & Ho, Y. (2000). Growth performance and immune response of two commercial broiler strains fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures and oxytetracycline under heat stress conditions. British poultry science, 41(5), 593-597.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Majdi A. Kairalla , Abdalhakim A. Aburas , kurmuan A. Omar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright of the articles Published by Almukhtar Journal of Science (MJSc) is retained by the author(s), who grant MJSc a license to publish the article. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors and cite MJSc as original publisher. Also they accept the article remains published by MJSc website (except in occasion of a retraction of the article).