Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Type II Diabetic Patients in Shahat, Libya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i3.329Keywords:
Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Shahat, , LibyaAbstract
Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most increasingly diagnosed comorbidities in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (TIIDM), suggesting that it may play a role in TIIDM. The present study aims to determine and evaluate Libyan adults' vitamin D (Vit D) status with and without TIIDM. 100 Libyan adults with TIIDM from the Diabetic Clinics and 100 healthy without TIIDM were included in the study. The mean age for the TIIDM subjects was 25.8 ± 15.4 years versus 35.9 ± 4.2 years for the healthy controls. Serum 25 hydroxy cholceferiol (vitamin D), calcium, cholesterol, blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides were measured and the outcomes were compared between the TIIDM and control groups. Both the TIIDM and healthy agencies had diet Vit D deficiency. The suggested ranges of Vit D had been appreciably decreased in the TIIDM adults compared to the controls (29.1±1.6 nmol/L versus 36.4±1.9 nmol/L). In the TIIDM adults, 66.7% had mild, 30.7% moderate, and 3.3% severe Vit D deficiency, in contrast with 43.7% (mild), 33.5% (moderate), and 6% (severe) in the control group. Overall, 100% of the TIIDM adults and 75% of the healthy adults were Vit D deficient. In this study, compared to the healthy groups with TIIDM, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among TIIDM adults used to be quite high. Therefore, screening for vitamin D deficiency and supplementation for this population is warranted.
Downloads
References
Al-Daghri, N. M., Al-Attas, O. S., Alokail, M. S., Alkharfy, K. M., Yakout, S. M., Aljohani, N. J., Al Fawaz, H., Al-Ajlan, A. S., Sheshah, E. S., & Al-Yousef, M. (2014). Lower vitamin D status is more common among Saudi adults with diabetes mellitus type 1 than in non-diabetics. BMC public health, 14(1), 1-5.
Bandeira, F., Griz, L., Dreyer, P., Eufrazino, C., Bandeira, C., & Freese, E. (2006). Vitamin D deficiency: a global perspective. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 50, 640-646.
Boucher, B. (1998). Inadequate vitamin D status: does it contribute to the disorders comprising syndrome ‘X’? British Journal of Nutrition, 79(4), 315-327.
Boucher, B. J. (2018). Vitamin D status and its management for achieving optimal health benefits in the elderly. Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism, 13(6), 279-293.
Cantorna, M. T., Zhu, Y., Froicu, M., & Wittke, A. (2004). Vitamin D status, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and the immune system. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 80(6), 1717S-1720S.
Christakos, S., Friedlander, E. J., Frandsen, B. R., & Norman, A. W. (1979). Studies on the mode of action of calciferol. XIII. Development of a radioimmunoassay for vitamin Ddependent chick intestinal calcium-binding protein and tissue distribution. Endocrinology, 104(5), 1495-1503.
Deluca, H. F., & Cantorna, M. T. (2001). Vitamin D: Its role and uses in immunology 1. The FASEB journal, 15(14), 2579-2585.
Giovannucci, E., Liu, Y., Rimm, E. B., Hollis, B. W., Fuchs, C. S., Stampfer, M. J., & Willett, W. C. (2006). Prospective study of predictors of vitamin D status and cancer incidence and mortality in men. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 98(7), 451-459.
Holick, M. F. (2006). Resurrection of vitamin D deficiency and rickets. The Journal of clinical investigation, 116(8), 2062-2072.
Mishal, A. (2001). Effects of different dress styles on vitamin D levels in healthy young Jordanian women. Osteoporosis international, 12(11), 931-935.
Narchi, H., El Jamil, M., & Kulaylat, N. (2001). Symptomatic rickets in adolescence. Archives of disease in childhood, 84(6), 501-503.
Norman, A. W., Frankel, J., Heldt, A. M., & Grodsky, G. M. (1980). Vitamin D deficiency inhibits pancreatic secretion of insulin. Science, 209(4458), 823-825.
Ogunkolade, W. B., Boucher, B. J., Bustin, S. A., Burrin, J. M., Noonan, K., Mannan, N., & Hitman, G. A. (2006). Vitamin D metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is influenced by chewing “betel nut”(Areca catechu) and vitamin D status. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 91(7), 2612-2617.
Pittas, A., Lau, J., Hu, F., & Dawson-Hughes, B. (2017). The role of vitamin D and calcium in type 2 diabetes. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jun; 92 (6).
Riste, L., Khan, F., & Cruickshank, K. (2001). High prevalence of type 2 diabetes in all ethnic groups, including Europeans, in a British inner city: relative poverty, history, inactivity, or 21st century Europe? Diabetes care, 24(8), 1377-1383.
Roglic, G., Unwin, N., Bennett, P. H., Mathers, C., Tuomilehto, J., Nag, S., Connolly, V., & King, H. (2005). The burden of mortality attributable to diabetes: realistic estimates for the year 2000. Diabetes care, 28(9), 2130-2135.
Wang, T. J., Pencina, M. J., Booth, S. L., Jacques, P. F., Ingelsson, E., Lanier, K., Benjamin, E. J., D’Agostino, R. B., Wolf, M., & Vasan, R. S. (2008). Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease. Circulation, 117(4), 503-511.
Wortsman, J., Matsuoka, L. Y., Chen, T. C., Lu, Z., & Holick, M. F. (2000). Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 72(3), 690-693.
Zhang, F. F., Al Hooti, S., Al Zenki, S., Alomirah, H., Jamil, K. M., Rao, A., Al Jahmah, N., Saltzman, E., & Ausman, L. M. (2016). Vitamin D deficiency is associated with high prevalence of diabetes in Kuwaiti adults: results from a national survey. BMC public health, 16(1), 1-9.
Zipitis, C. S., & Akobeng, A. K. (2008). Vitamin D supplementation in early childhood and risk of type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of disease in childhood, 93(6), 512-517.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright of the articles Published by Almukhtar Journal of Science (MJSc) is retained by the author(s), who grant MJSc a license to publish the article. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors and cite MJSc as original publisher. Also they accept the article remains published by MJSc website (except in occasion of a retraction of the article).