Cycloxydim and Gallant (Haloxyfop) Herbicides Efficacy to control wild oat Avena fatua

Abstract

Two experiments one in the field and other in laboratory were conducted during the growing season, 2000/2001 in (Dabocya) an eastern area of Al-Gabal Al_Akhdar to evaluate the efficacy of Cycloxydim and Gallant herbicides and their concentrations (0.0, 50, 100 and 150 cm³ in 250 L. Water) to control wild oat. The two experiments were designed according to split-split plot design with 3 replicates. The type of herbicides distributed randomly in the main plots, while, herbicides concentration in the subplots and the intervals of evaluation (1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks from the spray) as sub-subplots with area of 4m² in the field experiment and in 0.6 × 0.5m as area of pots in laboratory experiment. Efficacy of the herbicides and their concentrations were evaluated by the number of affected seedlings sown by density of 400 grains/m² spaced by 5cm in field xperiment and not affected seedling planted by 100 grains/plot spaced by 5cm in laboratory experiment.The results of first experiment (in field) revealed a significant differences between type of herbicides applied. The affected seedlings of wild oats mean was the greatest 183-5m² when cycloxydim applied while, the smallest mean 131.25m² when Gallant herbicide applied. Moreover, the herbicides concentrations given the linear increase in the mean of affected seedlings were, 0.00, 73, 108, 8, and 133-88m² when sprayed water (control), 50, 100 and 150 cm² of herbicides/subplot. The period of evaluation showed a significant differences. In the mean of affected seedlings that, 34-5, 126, 202.5 and 266.5 seedlings/m² after 1,2 ,3 and 4 weeks from herbicidal applications. The interaction of (Herbicide type-X conc-X) time of evaluation showed a significant difference the least mean of an affected seedings 15,54/m² from Gallant and Cycloxydim respectively at first week meanwhile, the greatest mean 228 and 310 after 4 weeks from spraying the same herbicides. The interactions between (Herbicides X con; X time) was not significant. The second experiment (Lab exp), sowed the same response to type and concentration and time of evaluation of Cycloxdim and Gallant herbicide. The least unaffected seedlings 7.58m^-2 was observed from Cycloxydim, the greates mean 12.22m^-2 was from Gallant spraying the highest concentration 150cm³ gave the smalles mean 4.39m^-2 of unaffected seedlings as compared with control. There was a significant decrease in the mean of unaffected oat seedlings by time the least mean 5.16m^-2 of unaffected seedlings as compared with control. There was a significant decrease in the mean of unaffected oat seedlings by time the least mean 5.16m-2 after 4 weeks of herbicide spraying as compared to 15.44m-2 after first weeks of application. The interaction between (type of herbicide X time of evaluation) showed a significant response that, least unaffected seedlings 3.58/plot when Cycloxydim applied while, 6.77/plot from Gallant in 4th week while, the greatest mean 4.36,16.33/plot after spray Cycloxydim and Gallant in the first week. The interaction between (type X conc-X time) revealed no significant difference in the mean of unaffected wild oat seedlings. As a conclusion Cycloxydim herbicide at 150 cm3/250 liter water/ha give effective control of wild oat for a month to a voied this weed from increasing soil seed bank.