Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Plant Density on Production and Quality of Okra Seeds (Abelmoschus esculentus L Moench)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v21i1.764Abstract
This study was suggested to investigate the effects of five nitrogen levels; 0,70, 115, 160, and 205Kg N/ha and four plant spacing (20, 30, 40 and 50 cm) and their all possible combinations on seed yield and its quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.Monech), cultivar Clemson Spinless.
The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
Fertilizing okra plants with gradual increments of nitrogen level up to 205 Kg/ha, resulted in progressive and significant increases in seed yield either per plant or per hectare, number of matured fruits / plant, average weight of matured fruit and weight of seeds / fruit, in the Two studied seasons, as well as pod length, shelling percentage in the first and second seasons, respectively. However, weight of 100 seeds (seed index), germination percentage and pod diameter did not significantly respond to the studied N levels, in both seasons.
The studied four plant densities did not significantly affect weight of 100 seeds, germination percentage and length of matured fruit, in the two growing seasons, number of seeds/fruit in the first season, and pod diameter in the second one. Whereas, decreasing the distance from 50 to 20cm, consistently and significantly increased total seed yield / ha, but significantly decreased number of matured fruits and seed yield / plant, as well as weight and number of seeds / fruit.
Sowing at narrow spacing (20 cm) accompanied with nitrogen fertilizer at rate of 205 Kg N / ha, significantly increased total seed yield /ha., meanwhile, the highest significant increases in the number of matured fruits and seed yield / plant were obtained from plants spaced at 40 or 50 cm combined with 160 or 205 Kg N / ha., in the two studied seasons. On the other hand, the present interaction had no significant effect on weight of 100 seeds as well as germination and shelling percentages.
Therefore, it could be generally concluded that, increasing plant density by decreasing the spacing between plants (20 cm) combind with N fertilization at 205 Kg / ha might be considered as an adequate and economical treatment combination for the production of high yields of mature fruits and dry seeds with good quality, under the prevailing conditions of Al-Gabal Al-Akhdar and other similar regions
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