Revisiting Prison in Perspective of Institutionalization (A study of Mirror Images of Asylums and Prisons in France)

Abstract

The study of the evolution of incarceration rates represents an emerging field of contemporary penal science, particularly in the field of studies by BERNARD E. HARCOURT, 2009 and SACHA RAOULT 2014, on the interpretation of the reasons for the evolution of incarceration rates in the United States, France, the Netherlands, Italy, and Germany, as a reflection For the continuation of prison practices and social marginalization through the ages. From the above, the study of the inverse relationship between psychiatric hospitals and the evolution of incarceration rates raises many important issues, which are how to compensate for the evolution of criminal justice mechanisms toward confinement as opposed to the institutionalization of psychiatric hospitals. What if the psychological disorders themselves are what generate deviations in a way that contributes to increasing the carceral explosion, according to the logic of the functional theory in its interpretation of criminality?